Tanaka Shozo after he read the New Testament
木下尚江
「神・人・自由」1934年 Kinoshita Naoe,
God,Man,Freedom
63歳
明治39年 1906
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ここに明治三十九年の四月、翁が寸時も抜き難き足を村から抜いて、新紀元の日曜講演会と云ふ一小集会で、切迫の状態を訴へた演説の一節を、君に一読して貰ふ。
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He was the leader of resistance in the village and it was difficult for him to leave the village.He somehow managed to go to Tokyo and made a speech in April,1906,at a small gathering held by Shinkigen Publisher which published a Socialist magazine.I want you read now a part of his speech in which he appealed for help and explained the imminent situation of Yanaka-mura Village: |
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「世の中では、谷中村買収問題は、四十八万円で人民の所有地を買ふものだと言って居る。
大間違である。
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"They say that the public acquisition of Yanaka-mura Village is to pay the villagers ￥480 thousand for the land owned by the people living there.This is absolutely wrong." |
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四十八万円と云ふ金は幾らか田畑にも渡さうが、この金の性質は、実際人民をして流離顚沛乞食たらしめる運動費である。こんなことが世の中にある。これだけでは御わかりになりますまいから、少しく理由を申上げます。
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"Sure some of the ￥480 thousand will end up in the hands of the farmers.This is not the price of the land.It is actually expenditures to dislocate the farmers and make them homeless and beggars.You may need a little more explanation to understand the situations." |
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一体人民が、何故たった四十八万円ばかりの金で、村を売るかと申しますと、これには種々な御話がある。
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"Why do the farmers sell their land for a meager amount of money
of ￥480 thousand in the first place?There are some complicated reasons." |
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一体この村の価と云ふものは、若し金にして言えば、
現場で七百万円がものはある。この七百万円と云ふ品は、
何年の間にこしらへたかと言ひますと、四百年からの物である。
四百年の間に人民が段々と積立て来た。
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"The proper value of this village is ￥7 million.The present village is the fruit of the 400-year-long farmers' labors.The houses,rice paddies and water channels are the fruit of their labor accumulated year in and year out for 400 years." |
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そこに残って居るものが、今日現場で七百万円以上が物はある。現にこの村で、一ヶ村を守る堤防費も、新築するとなると三百五十万円かかる。この外田畑、宅地、立木——容易なものでない。
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"The achievement now we see is worth more than ￥7 million.If you construct the embankment to protect the village will cost ￥3,500 thousand if you construct it anew.Besides all the rice paddies,fields,housings,trees and others must be included.You can imagine how valuable all these are." |
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然うでがせう、今日の戸数が四百五十戸ある。
四百五十戸の村をこしらへるのですから、二三百万円で出来るもので無い。されば現物七百万円がものがあるから、七百万円で買ったら穏当のやうだ。一寸考へると、七百万円で売れば可いやうでございます。
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"There are 450 houses.You cannot build a village of 450 houses with the budget of ￥2 million or ￥3 million.You may wonder why I oppose to sell the village for ￥7 million since I say it's worth ￥7 million.You may think it's proper to sell the village for ￥7 million." |
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七百万両がものはあるから七百万両で売ったらドウだと言ふと経済を知らぬ人民は大喜だが、七百万両の村を捨てて新しい村が其金で出来るかと言ふと、それは出来ない。
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"Some people who don't know the economy may be very glad when they are offered ￥7 million in cash to give away something they possess which is worth ￥7 million.Suppose you exchanged your village of ￥7 million for ￥7 million in cash.You cannot,however,build a new village with the cash you got." |
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それを僅か四十八万両で買ひ潰すと云ふのは、買ふのでは無い、村を取る運動費に過ぎないのである。
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"Now the Government is going to buy the village for as cheap as ￥480 thousand.They are not buying the village.The money is nothing more than the expenditures for activities to confiscate the village." |
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それで、これまでに皆な僅かな移住費を与へて、人民を四方へ追散してしまった。然らば何故に人民が然う政府の言ふことを聴くか。 |
"In the past the Government gave a small amount of money as removal fee to those farmers who accepted the offer made by the Government.Those people have been scattered.Why did they listen to the Government so easily?" |
| 余り意気地の無い人民では無いか。かう諸君の御軽蔑もございませうが、これは深く諮ったことで、
これを少しでも御訴へ申したくて出ましたから、暫く御猶予を願って御話したいのでございます。 |
"You may think that these farmers are too subservient and that they deserve to be despised.They are in fact very brave and honest.I came here today to explain a little bit about the cunning planning of the Government." |
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谷中村を買上げると云ふことは、三十八年即ち昨年の事です。
然るに三十五年の洪水に堤防の切れたを幸として、堤防をこしらへずに居りました。
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"It was 1905,that is last year,when the decision was made to buy Yanaka-mura Village.Fortunately for the Government in 1902 the embankment was breached by the flood.The Government deliberately did not reconstruct a new embankment." |
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当年まで五ヶ年。堤防がございませぬから水が這入って作物が取れない。
非常な借金をしたり艱難辛苦してやっと生活を繋いで居る。所で三十七年末に県会が谷中を買収すると云ふような意味の決議をした。
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"It was five years ago.No embankment means no crops because the water comes in to the fields from the river.The farmers are forced to live from hand to mouth.They borrow a lot of money.By the way the Prefecture Assembly has approved a plan to buy out Yanaka by the end of 1904." |
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夜分十二時頃、何を話したか秘密会で決めた。それが買収の事である。これを地方の新聞に出した。畑は三十両、田は二十八両と云ふ値を付けた。
かう云ふ値を付けて新聞に出しましたから、最早、売買が止まってしまった。直ぐ隣村の田地が二三百両する所へ、こんな値段で広告してしまった。
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"The meeting was held in secret at midnight.The plan to buy the village was decided.The terms of purchase were published in the local newspapers.The price was one tenth of the current price.An are of the field was valued at ￥30 and that of the rice paddy at ￥28 while an are of similar field or rice paddy is valued at ￥200 or 300." |
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県庁で買ふことになった地面でありますから、売買を禁じたも同然である。
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"The announcement made any farmer almost impossible to sell his land to other than the Prefecture." |
田中正造
1841年12月15日 - 1913年（大正2年）9月4日Tanaka Shozo dedicated his life for the farmers who were victimized by the pollution of Ashio Copper Mine. He is one of the pioneers of environmental movement in Japan.
| Year |
Age |
Events |
| 天保12年(1841) | 0才 | 11月3日（旧暦）下野国安蘇郡小中村（現栃木県佐野市小中町）に生まれる。名主富蔵の長男。
Shozo was born on December 15, in Konaka, a small village in western Aso, in what was then the fiefdom of Shimotsuke (Konaka, Sano City, Tochigi Pref.). Nanushi Tomizo's eldest son.
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| 文久元年(1861) | 19才 | 小中村六角家領の名主に公選される（21才説も有）。
He was elected Nanushi by the villagers.(or age 21)
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ODONTA PRESS
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