新約聖書を読んだ後の田中正造(2)

Tanaka Shozo after he read the New Testament

木下尚江「神・人・自由」1934年 Kinoshita Naoe,God,Man,Freedom

翁の故郷は下野安蘇郡の小中と云ふ所で、祖父以来の名主の家であった。翁の自叙伝の中に幼少時代の事が書いてある。

He was born in a small village,Konaka-mura,Aso County,Shimozuke,which is Tochigi-ken Prefecture,90 km north of Tokyo.His family was appointed  chief of the village since his grandfather.He wrote about his childhood in his autobiography.

「余が幼時の剛情は、母に心配をかけしこと幾何ぞ。 五歳の時、或雨の夜の事なりき。予、奇怪なる人形の顔を描きて、傲岸に下僕に示せしに、彼冷然として『余りお上手ではありません』と笑ヘリ。

I was so headstrong in my childhood that my mom was very worried.At one rainy night when I was seven,I drew the face of a very strange puppet and arrogantly showed it to one of our servants.He just  laughed,saying,"You are not good at drawing this picture."

己れ不埒の奴、然らば汝上手に書き見せよと、筆紙を取りて迫れば、下僕深く己が失礼を謝して、赦されんことを乞ふも、予更に聴るさず、剛情度に過ぎたり。

I took a piece of paper and brush and demanded him saying,"How dare you can be so rude.Show me how well you draw!"  He apologized me and begged my forgiveness,which I would not give him.My stubbornness was way too extreme.

今まで黙視し居たる母は、此の時頻りに予を宥めたれど、予頑として之を用ゐざりしかば、終に戸外に逐出し、戦慄泣き叫ぶ予をして、夜雨に曝さしむること二時間余に及べり。

My mother who had silently watched me started to persuade me to forgive the servant.Since I would not listen to her,she finally drove me out of the house and locked the door.I was terrified and cried in the rain outside.She didn't allow me to enter for two hours.

母の刑罰、真底心を刺して、誠に悔悟の念を起さしめぬ、思ふに予をして永く下虐の念を断たしめたるもの、誠に慈母薫陶の賜なり」

My mother's punishment worked so well that I repented sincerely and kept me for a long time from bullying people who worked for me.This was one of the disciplines which my  affectionate mother gave me.

「予生来口訥にして且つ記憶力に乏しかりき。 赤尾小四郎（白河浪士）予の為に試筆の手本を書す。

It was always difficult for me to utter my thought in a smooth way and also to memorize even a simple string of words.My teacher Akao Koshiro,an unemployed samurai who had served  in Shirakawa,wrote for me to copy a verse of a poem in Chinese characters.

『日長風暖柳青々』 幾度教へらるるも、予遂に此の読方を記憶すること能はず、地方の俗として、児童試筆をなす時は之を親族に献して賞銭を受く。

"The day is long,the wind is warm,the willow leaves are green." I could not memorize how to read this verse how many times he repeated.In our district it was a custom that pupils read the verse aloud in front of their parents when they brought home the copied writings and receive a small amount of money as a prize.

然れ共予は是を読ましめられんことを恐れ、賞銭を顧みずして窃に之を墓所へ投げ込みたり。

I gave up the money which I could get  and threw away the paper in the cemetery because I was  afraid to be asked to read the verse aloud.

是が七歳の時なり。去れば予も自ら 発奮して独り窃に富士浅間を信仰し、幾多堅氷を砕き水浴をとりて、記憶力を強からしめたまへと祈れり。

That was when I was five.I  made up my mind and decided to worship secretly the goddess of Mr.Fuji.I went to the shrine and broke the ice,poured the cold water over myself and prayed the goddess of the volcano to strengthen my memory.

五十年後の今日が猶リウマチスの病に困しむもの、幼時厳冬の水浴に原因せるに非ざるか。』

This bathings with cold water in the midst of severe winter might be the cause of my rheumatism which I suffer now fifty years later."

翁が十九歳の時、父富蔵は割元に進み、翁は父に継で名主となった。この事が自叙伝に書いてある。

When he was 21 years old,he succeeded his father as village chief because his father had been promoted to the director of local village chiefs.He wrote in his autobiography:

「予は又此頃より大に農業に勉めたり。実に当時の勉強は非常にして、他人に比べれば、毎反二斗の余数を得たり。右手には鍬瘤満ち、鎌創満ちて其痕今尚ほ歴然たり。」

"Around this time I began to work hard and study how to increase the income from agriculture.I worked so hard that the harvest per are increased about 36 liters.My right hand was full of calluses and bruises,the traces of which  you could see clearly now."

「さりながら農の利潤は極めて僅少にして、是は誠に粒粒辛苦の汗のみなれば終に藍玉商にならんと企てたり。

"The margin to be gained by agriculture was,however, extremely small.I realized all my efforts and sweat produced almost nothing.I wanted to become a manufacturer/merchant of indigo dye ball."

父曰く、汝の職苟も名主たり。然るに商となりて錙銖を計らんとするは何ぞやと。然れ共いかな聴入れず。

"My father didn't agree,saying that I occupied the honorable office of village chief.He added that it was out of question to try to get a small amount of money by changing my job.He would not consent."

日課を左の如く定めたり。一、朝飯前必ず草一荷を刈る事。一、朝飯後には藍ねせ小屋に入り、凡二時間商用に従ふ事。一、右終りて寺入りせる小児等に手習を授くる事。一、夕飯後また藍ねせ小屋を見回り、夜に入りて、寺院に会して朋友と漢籍の温習をなす事。

"I decided my daily schedule as follows:(1)To cut and collect a bundle of grass before every breakfast,(2)To spend two hours after breakfast in the indigo dye fermentation workroom,(3)After finishing the activities above,to teach reading and arithmetic to the enrolled pupils,(4)To check the state of indigo  after supper and to go to the temple and to study Chinese classics with my friends at night."

藍玉の原料仕入は、毎年残暑の頃にして、前後三十日許は日夜非常の運動なり。一日近村に原料を集む。

"It was in the later part of summer when  I bought the  dried leaves of indigo plant.During that period of about thirty days while the dried leaves underwent the fermentation process to produce the indigo dye paste,I was forced to work very hard day and night. One day I went to a nearby village to buy some material."

炎熱焼くが如くにして、沿道たまたま瓜を鬻ぐ。予乃ち食はんとして欲して其価を問へば、曰く五十文なりと。

"The heat was scalding.I happened to find a vendor on the roadside selling sprite melons.I wanted to eat one and asked how it cost.He replied 50 cents."

（当時米価の廉なるに反して、瓜西瓜などは非常に高し）予や此日未だ一銭も儲けざる為に、五十文お銭を惜しむこと甚だしく、終に買はずして去れり。

"At that time the price of rice was cheap but sprite melons and watermelons were very expensive.I hadn't earned even a cent that day.I couldn't make myself spend 50 cents.I left without buying one."

思ふに是れ父が所謂商人根性に陥れるものならん。然れども此の如くして拮据経営、三年にして三百両を儲け得たり。」

"I remembered my father warned me about the dirty character of merchants.In three years though,I concentrated to work and succeeded to earn ￥300."

田中正造 1841年12月15日 - 1913年（大正2年）9月4日Tanaka Shozo dedicated his life for the farmers who were victimized by the pollution of Ashio Copper Mine. He is one of the pioneers of environmental movement in Japan.

田中正造の生涯 Tanaka Shozo Timeline  from the official site of City of Sano,Tochigi Prefecture

Year	Age	Events
天保12年(1841)	0才	11月3日（旧暦）下野国安蘇郡小中村（現栃木県佐野市小中町）に生まれる。名主富蔵の長男。 Shozo was born on December 15, in Konaka, a small village in western Aso, in what was then the fiefdom of Shimotsuke (Konaka, Sano City, Tochigi Pref.). Nanushi Tomizo's eldest son.
文久元年(1861)	19才	小中村六角家領の名主に公選される（21才説も有）。 He was elected Nanushi by the villagers.(or age 21)

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発売中のKindle本
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玉川直重新約聖書ギリシャ語入門解答
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